The #1 Remington rolling block rifle is also known as the black powder cartridge rifle. Produced by Remington in both military and civilian models from 1866 to 1895 these large frame rolling block production totaled well over 1 million rifles with a number of variations.

Manufactured from 1866 to 1917, the Remington rolling-block cartridge rifle was so popular that more than half the world's armies adopted it or purchased quantities for police or martial purposes. During the American Civil War, gunsmith Leonard M.

These rifles were made in a variety of calibers, both rimfire and centerfire, including the 12.17x42 mm rimfire, 12.17x44 mm rimfire and 12.17x44 mm rimmed centerfire Swedish and Norwegian cartridges, . 43 Spanish (11.15x58mmR), . 50-70, . 40-70, .

The #5 Remington rolling block rifles are also known as the smokeless powder cartridge rolling block rifles. Beginning production in 1896 they comprise the 1897, 1902, and 1910 models. While the #5 was produced in several smokeless center fire cartridges the vast majority of them are chambered 7mm Mauser.