Unicode is an international character encoding standard that provides a unique number for every character across languages and scripts, making almost all characters accessible across platforms, programs, and devices.

UTF-8 encodes Unicode characters into a sequence of 8-bit bytes. The standard has a capacity for over a million distinct codepoints and is a superset of all characters in widespread use today. By comparison, ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) includes 128 character codes.

Unicode is a standard used throughout the world that assigns unique numbers to characters of text. All data on computers is ultimately represented by numbers. If we want to store some text, we have to do it using a code.